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Pharaoh is an isometric city-building game set in Ancient Egypt created by Impressions Games and published by Sierra Entertainment for Windows-based computers. It involves the construction and management of settlements and cities in ancient Egypt, and is the first such themed game in the City Building series.
The game was released on October 31, 1999, and was later complemented with an expansion pack, Cleopatra: Queen of the Nile, developed by BreakAway Games the following year. Both the original game and expansion pack are commonly referred to, and may be purchased as one, under the title Pharaoh and Cleopatra.
Pharaoh is an isometric city-building game that is set in Ancient Egypt that sees the player guiding their family through a series of cities from a basic nomad settlement, to grand cities. The player will begin as a local leader and progress through titles until earning the rank of Pharaoh. A number of levels will require for the player to choose between two different cities, one being more focused on monument building and the other on military exploits. In each mission there are a number of goals that need to be met in order to progress to the next city. The goals include a population target as well as ratings for prosperity, kingdom, culture and monuments.
Game Description
All scenario objectives must be met before the next city in a campaign can be used and played. Each mission sets five targets for the city, each being a value on a rating scale. A higher target along the scale represents a higher difficulty level for the city.
There are five rating scales: population, representing simply the number of residents in the city; the culture rating, representing the population's access to city services; the monument rating, which represents monument completion; the prosperity rating, which represents the city's financial success; and the kingdom rating, representing the city's relations with the Pharaoh and other cities in the kingdom.
Gameplay
Food production in Pharaoh is done either by farming, hunting or fishing. The farming is based on the annual inundation of the River Nile whilst the other methods can be done all year round. Food can also be an important commodity used in trading and can be requested by other cities or Pharaoh himself. All houses need access to water, which is provided by water carriers working from fountains or from basic wells, both set up in areas with sufficient ground water.
Religion and worship to the gods is an important aspect of the game. In each city mission, there will be a selection of usually three gods to worship. If the gods are appeased through the building of temples and regular festivals then they will bestow gifts and blessings upon the city, however if they are displeased they can disrupt the running of the city. Each gift or disaster that a God gives will be related to whatever area they have control over.
Pharaoh has a range of different resources that can be for the citizens own personal use, to trade with or to use in the construction of monuments. The resources available are food (from farms, cattle ranches, fishing wharfs or hunting lodges), pottery (made from clay extracted from clay pits), beer (made from barley from farms), linen (made from flax from farms), papyrus (made from reeds), luxury goods (made from gemstones from gem mines), weapons (made from copper from copper mines), wood (from wood cutters) and bricks (made from clay and straw from grain farms). Quarries can provide a supply of plain stone, sandstone, limestone and granite. Gold can be extracted from gold mines and is taken to the city palace for the treasury.
The goods will either by used by the appropriate industry such as potters or breweries or taken to storage yards for use when required or to be traded with other cities. In each mission only a select amount of resources will be available and the player will need to import goods they cannot make themselves from other cities. Trading in finished products like weapons and pottery can make a city more money than exporting the raw materials, likewise importing raw materials from others and building the finished product in the city will cost less. Additionally it is more costly to trade with far off cities but a greater profit can be made by exporting goods to them. Trade between cities takes places either by land via caravans or sea via docks. In order to trade with another city, a fee must be paid to open the route. A city can have numerous trade routes operating and can import or export goods depending on what each city buys or sells. As a mission progresses, new trade routes to previously shut off cities may open depending on how quickly the players city has complied with requests from other leaders.
In order for a city to meet its targets for culture, the citizens will need to be provided with forms of entertainment. In Pharaoh, the entertainment available is performers such as jugglers, dancers and musicians and also senet houses which are venues where people will gather and drink beer. In the expansion pack, 'Cleopatra: Queen of the Nile', a zoo is available as an entertainment structure. Healthcare in cities needs to be widespread enough to cover all citizens with a range of facilities available such as physicians, dentists, apothecaries and mortuaries. Pharaoh requires areas to be desirable before housing will develop fully, factors that add to desirability of an area include gardens, statues, plazas and how far away the housing is from industrial areas.
Some cities in Pharaoh are susceptible to attack by other civilizations, and the player must counter this threat by building defenses. A maximum of six forts can be recruited from the general population, each consisting solely of infantry, archers, or chariot-riders. Walls, gates, and towers can also be built to defend the city. A Recruiter is necessary to send soldiers to a fort and, in most missions, soldiers may also visit an Academy to increase their skill level prior to be being sent on "active duty". In addition to ground forces, a Navy may also be established. Naval wharfs are built to house one naval vessel a piece. The two types of vessels available are Transports and Warships, of which the player may build several of each. In certain missions the player will be required to send military support to other cities.
Certain missions require that specific
monuments be constructed before the player may move onto the next city in the
campaign. Monuments are built through a lengthy process of acquiring the needed
resources and recruiting labour via work camps and guilds to construct them. A
city will need a supply of whatever raw material the monument is to be
constructed out of (bricks, sandstone, plain stone, limestone etc) as well as
wood and whatever burial provisions have been outlined.
Campaign
he campaign begins in 3500BC during the
pre-dynastic period with the player having the rank of village elder. The
missions during this period are tutorial in nature, having on screen prompts
and instructions on how to achieve the mission goals. The player will learn the
basics on how to set up housing units, provide citizens with water, food and
religious facilities. This first period ends in 3000BC and then progresses to
the Archaic period. The Archaic period in the game focuses on exposing the
player to the main concepts of Pharaoh. Trade routes are established, a
military and navy is required and the first monument, a mastaba tomb, will be
built.
During the Archaic period the player moves
from being a village noble to a royal scholar and will rule until the start of
the Old Kingdom in 2650BC. Missions during the Old Kingdom are primarily
concerned with monument building. It is this period that will require the
construction of both step and bent pyramids as well as pyramid complex's,
sphinx, obelisks and sun temples. The player will begin this era in 2650BC as a
royal scribe and throughout the missions will move up the ranks to become a
Chancellor until this period ends in 2216BC.
The Middle kingdom lasts from 2216BC until
1541BC and during this time period the player will attain the rank of Pharaoh
from being a vizier. The main aspects of this era are dealing with the
aftermath of a civil war, rebuilding cities, dealing with famine and expanding
the empire. The game concludes with the New Kingdom, a time period of 1541BC to
1279BC. The player will face threats from outside empires including the Hykos
and be responsible for building cities in the expanded empire like Byblos.
Historical accuracy
One inaccuracy is that Osiris is the god responsible for inundation in this game, whereas in ancient Egypt, Hapi/Hapy was. (This isn't really an inaccuracy, because at the time of the Unification of Egypt, Osiris was the God of Agriculture and of the Dead. Originally, Osiris was the god of creation and agriculture, but after having been murdered by his brother Seth, he became the god of the dead. Hapy/Hapi became the God of the Nile on a later period)
The game also provides limited encyclopedic information about ancient Egyptian practices within its help menu. The instructional booklet includes a much more thorough but short history of Egypt.
Apart from the names of various Pharaohs, historical characters who appear in the game are the Royal Architect Imhotep as well as references to Moses in a Cleopatra mission.
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